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11. April 27 is Take Our Daughters to Work Day in Britain. Started at first in the United States and brought to Britain in 1994, Take Our Daughter to Work Day has become a special day for girls between 11 and 15. On that day thousands of girls take a day off school and go together with one of their parents to their work places. The purpose of this day is to broaden girls’ horizons(视野) and raise their self-confidence.

For many years people have thought that boy can do better than girls in society. But actually, “Girls can be whatever they want to be just like boys, whether it is a pilot , a nurse or a chief executive (主管),” says the chairman of the Our Sons and Daughters Charitable Trust, an organization which supported the activity of the Day. “ Now the girls have a close look at what their parents are doing and this may help them to be more self-confident when they are faced with a choice of work.”

Schools and many companied support the activity, too. Palmers Green High School for girls , in north London, has made the day a necessary of careers education.

Zarina Bart,15, from Palmers Green, went with her mother Gwen to her lawyer’s office on this year’s Take Our Daughters to Work Day. “I learned how to fill in a legal aid form and I read details of a case. Then I went to see the actual trail,” she said.

Zarina found it interesting to see her mother at work . “It’s really strange seeing Mum at work-running around, getting serious and telling people what to do.” She has always liked this idea of going into law and thinks it likely that she will follow in her mother’s footsteps. Having a chance to see how her mother works has given hr more self-confidence.

Experts believe that girls with higher self-confidence aim higher and are more likely to be successful in life. Parents have more important effert on the confidence of teenage girls. If parents believe in their daughter and show examples both at work as well as at home for them, this will give a lot of help to girls. Take Our Daughters to Work Day is surely a step in the right direction.

The writer’s purpose in writing this text is to _________

A introduce to us a special day for girls B broaden girls’ view and raise their confidence

C show us that girls can do as well as boys D tell how the special day for girls came into being

12 To swim the English channel takes at least nine hours. It’s hard work and it makes you short of breath. To fly over the channel takes only twenty minutes as long as you’re not held up at the airport, but it’s an expensive way to travel. You can travel by hovercraft(气垫船) if you don’t mind the noise and that takes forty minutes. Otherwise , you can go by boat, if you remember sea-sickness pills. All these means of transport (运输) have their problems, and the weary (厌烦的) traveler often dreams of being able to drive to France in his own car. “Not possible, you say. Well, wait a minute people are once again considering the idea of a Channel tunnel or bridge.” This time , the great London Council(议会) is looking into the possibility of building a channel link straight to London. A bridge would cost far more a tunnel, but you would be able to go by rail or by car on a bridge, whereas (然而) a tunnel would provide a rail link only.

Why is this idea being discussed again? Is Britain realizing the need for links with Europe as a result of joining EEC(欧共体)? Well, perhaps. The main reason , though, is that a tunnel or bridge would reach the twenty square kilometers of London’s discussed stimulate(刺激) trade and revitalise (使…..具有活力) the port, and would ,make London a main trading center in Europe. With a link over the channel, you could buy your fish and chips in England and be able to eat them in France while they are still warm!

The main idea of the passage is ______

A how to develop the trade of London B crossing the Channel is difficult

C how to get to Europe more conveniently D what to do in the development of traveling

13 Believe it or not, optical illusion(错觉) can cut highway crashes(撞毁)

Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent strips, called cheverons (人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.

Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japan’s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint cheverons and other patterns of strips on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.

Excessive speed plays a major role in as much a one fifth of all fatal(致命) traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will carry its tests in areas where speed-related hazards(危险) are the greatest –curves(弯), exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.

Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars(水平障碍物)painted across roads can initially(最初) cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.

Cheverons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are, but also make a lane(车道) appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.

The passage mainly discusses ________.

A a new way of highway speed control B a new pattern for painting highways

C a new way to training drivers D a new type of optical illusion

14 Farmer ED Rawlings smiles as he looks at his orange trees. The young oranges are growing well in Florida’s weather. Warm sunshine and gentle rains, along with ED Rawlings expert care, will produce a good crop of oranges this year.

But ED has to fight against Florida’s changeable winter weather. In January and February, temperature can destroy ED’s entire orange crops. Having farmed in Florida for the past 35 years, Ed Rawlings is prepared for the frosts(). When temperatures drop below freezing, Ed tries to save his crop by watering his orange trees. The water freezes and forms a thin layer() of ice on the trees. Strange as it may sound, this thin layer of ice actually keep the fruit warm..

What happens is simple. When the trees are watered, the water loses heat and becomes ice. The warmth of the heat it loses is sicked in by the fruit and keeps its temperature at a safe level.Ed Rawling has effectively used this method to save many orange crops.

But Ed still faces some difficulties. The trees should be watered at the exact moment the temperature drops to the freezing point. Also, just the right quantity of water must be used. Too much water can form a thick layer of ice that will break the trees branches. Another difficulty is that wind blows away the heat. So Ed has to worry about not only when but also how often his trees should be watered, and how much water should be used.

Computer technology may help Ed with some of these worries. With equipment, air and soil temperatures and wind speed can be measured. The information is fed into a computer which can tell when temperatures drop to freezing. The computer can correctly decide the quantity of water to be used and how frequently the trees should be watered. Ed will find looking after his orange trees a lot easier with the help of a computer, and we’ll all have the benefits(or advantages) of computerage oranges.

The passage is mainly about_______.

A a farmer’s expert care for his orange trees B the different uses of computers

C growing oranges in Florida’s changeable weather D different way of frost protection

15 RALOALTO, California—“Switching off the television may help prevent children from getting fatter—even if they do not change their diet or increase the amount they exercise,” US researchers said last week.

A study of 192 third and forth grades, generally aged eight and nine, found that children who cut the number of hours spent watching television gained nearly two pounds (0.91kg) less over a one-year period than those who did not change their television diet.

“The findings are important because they show that weight loss can only be the result of a reduction in television view and not any other activity,” said Thomas Robison, a pediatrician() at Stanford University.

In the study, presented this week to the Pediatric Academic Societies’ annual meeting () in San Francisco, the researchers persuaded about 100 of the students to reduce their television viewing by one-quarter to one third.

Children watching fewer hours of television showed a pretty smaller increase in waist size and had less body fat than other students who continued their took part in any extra exercise.

“One explanation for the weight loss could be the children unstuck to the television may simply have been moving around more and burning off calories,” Robinson said.

“Another reason might be due to eating fewer meals in front of the television. Some studies have suggested that eating in front of the TV encourages people to eat more,” Robison said.

The author tried to tell us in the first two paragraphs that _____

A children will get fatter if they eat too much

B Children will get thinner if they eat less

C children will get fatter if they spend less time watching TV

D children will get fatter if they spend more time watching TV

参考答案：

11. A 12. C 13. A 14. A.15. D

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