passage 3
if present trends continue， the world in 2000 will be more crowded， more polluted and less stable ecologically（生态上） than the world we live in now． serious stresses involving population， resources， and environment are clearly visible ahead． despite greater mineral output， the world s people will be poorer in many ways than they are today.
for hundreds of millions of the extremely poor， the outlook（景况） for food and other necessities of life will be no better． for many it will be worse．
while the economies of the less developed countries are expectd to grow at faster rates than those of the industrialized nations， the total national product per head in most less developed countries remains low． the large existing gap between the rich and poor nations widens．
world food production is projected to increase 90 percent from 1970 to 2000．
this translates into a global per head increase of less than 15 percent over the same period． the large quantity of that increase goes to countries that already have relatively high per head food consumption. meanwhile per head consumption in the less developed countries will scarcely improve or will actually decline below present inadequate levels． at the same time， real prices for food are expected to double．
with the expected price increase， many less developed countries will have increasing difficulties meeting energy needs． for the one quarter of mankind that depends primarily on wood for fuel, the outlook is not helpful.
regional water shortages will BECome more severe． in the 1970—2000 period population growth will cause requirements to double in nearly half the world． still greater increases would be needed to improve standards of living． development of new water supplies will become more costly virtually everywhere．
extinction（灭绝） of plants and animal species will increase dramatically.
hundreds of thousands of species will be inevitably lost as their natural surroundings vanish， especially in tropical forests．
7） in spite of increased output of goods，__________
a． people will have some difficulty in finding jobs
b． the world s resources will BECome scarce in the near future
c． people will be poorer in 2000 than they are today
d． the living standards of the growing population will be improved at a great rate
8）as the prices for food increase，________.
a． people in less developed countries will be faced with energy problems
b． the economies of the industrialized countries will have to develop on end
c． less developed countries are sure to raise the output of food production
d． the large gap between the rich and poor remains unchanged
9） in order to improve living standards， it would be necessary ________．
a． to make population slow down
b． to control pollution immediately
c． to save various kinds of plants and animals urgently
d． to develop new water supplies
10） what is the best title of the passage?
a． keeping the balance of ecology
b． visions of the future
c． exploiting resources of the future
d． avoiding the world s economic crisis
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